Wātaka - He Wātaka Whānui 1800-1849

I te hekenga nui a te Māori i Poronihia, ka takahia te nuku o Te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa kia tae mai rātou ki Aotearoa nei. Kāore i roa i muri i te ūnga mai, kua marara haere ki ōna tōpito o te motu. Ko Hawaiki te wā kāinga taketake o te Māori i roto i ngā kōrero tuku iho, engari kāore i te āta mōhiotia kei hea ake tēnei kāinga. E ai ki ngā kōrero, nā te wahine a Kupe (ko Kupe tētahi o ngā kaitoro tuatahi i tēnei whenua), nā Hineteaparangi i tapa te motu nei ko Aotearoa. Heoi anō, ki tā ētahi karu hītori, nō te takiwā o te tau 1840 i ara ake ai tēnei ingoa, kāore i mua atu.

1642 Abel Tasman

Abel Tasman.

Image: ATL A-044-006
© Image copyright conditions

I te 18-19 Tīhema 1642, i a ia e rapu haere ana i te whenua rahi ki te tonga, ka ū mai tētahi kaipōkai moana Tatimana ko Abel Tasman te ingoa ki Te Tai Tapu. Whakatangihia ana e te iwi kāinga te pū tohu riri, ehara, whakautua ana e ngā pū tuku oro a Tasman. Ka whakaekea e ētahi o ngā Māori te kaipuke o Tasman, i muri mai ka pakō ko ngā pū tuku matā a Tasman. Kātahi ka whakarerea e Tasman te whanga nei, me te tapa ki te ingoa te Whanga Kaikōhuru.

1769 KĀpene Kuki

Hodges, William, 1744-1797 Captain James Cook. F R S., Painted by Wm. Hodges. Engraved Wm. Hodges, engraved by J Basire London; Wm. Strahan & Thos. Cadell, 1777.

Kāpene Hēmi Kuki.

Image: ATL C-051-015
© Image copyright conditions

I rere tuatahi mai a Kāpene Hēmi Kuki mā runga i te HMS Endeavour. Ka kite ia i Te Tai Rāwhiti i Tūranga-nui-a-Kiwa, ka ū ki uta i Tūranganui i te 9 Oketopa 1769. He aha rā, ka pōhēhē ana heramana he kakari kei te haere, ka pupuhi i ētahi o ngā Māori. Nō te 10 Oketopa ka whakarārea e Kāpene Kuki a Tūranganui, engari ka haumiri tonu i te Te Tai Rāwhiti, he rapu kai, he rapu ō te kaupapa. Kāore ia i āta taunaha i Aotearoa mā Peretānia Nui Tonu i runga i te tikanga ‘kitenga tuatahi’. Mēnā i pērātia, i raro i ngā ture o te ao i ērā wā, kua riro tonu atu i te Karauna o Ingarangi te mana o te whenua.

1827 NgĀ teihana tohorĀ tuatahi

Tom Jackson, Tom Norton and Jim Norton and whale, Kaikoura.

He kaipatu tohorā i Kaikōura.

Image: ATL 1/2-026954-F
© Image copyright conditions

Mai i te tau 1791 kua noho ko te whaiwhai tohorā tētahi tino umanga i ngā moana o Aotearoa. Engari kāore i whakatūria he teihana patu tohorā ki uta kia tae rawa ki te tau 1827. Mai i te Āperira ki te Oketopa i ia tau, ka noho ngā puni nei hei wāhi e tangohia ai te wā me ngā wheua o te tohorā. Ko ngā kaihokohoko o Ahitereiria ngā taituarā taha moni o te nuinga o ngā teihana nei. Nō te ekenga o ngā 1830, kua tū mai ngā teihana e 30 pea, ko te nuinga i Te Tairāwhiti me te pito whaka-te-tonga o Te Waipounamu. He rerekē te rahi o tēnā o tēnā. Arā tētahi, ko tā Weller, i Ōtākou, e 80 rawa ōna whare i tētahi wā, 120 ngā kaimahi. Ka mutu, ko tētahi hauwhā o ngā tāngata nei, he Māori. I ērā wā ka noho ngā kaipatu tohorā Pākehā hei manuhiri mā te iwi kāinga, ā, ka moe wahine Māori hoki ētahi.

1834 Te haki tuatahi o Aotearoa

The Government gave the New Zealanders a flag or rather one under which vessels sail... (United Tribes Ensign, Waitangi).

Ētahi Māori tokorua mau pū, i raro i te pouhaki me te Haki Mā, ca 1834.

Tērā tētahi kaipuke i hangaia i Aotearoa, ko te Sir George Murray te ingoa. I te tau 1830, ka mauheretia te kaipuke nei e te Tari Taupare i Poihākena. Ko tōna hara, ko te tere haere me te kore haki, te kore rēhita rānei. He takahi hoki tēnei i ngā ture reremoana o Ingarangi. I te mea kāore anō a Aotearoa kia riro hei koroni nā Ingarangi, kāore i whakaaetia kia whakairia te haki o Ingarangi. Engari ki te rere kore haki tonu, ka mauheretia ngā kaipuke hokohoko, tae atu ki ngā utanga uara nui o runga.

I te 20 Maehe 1834, ka hui tahi a Busby (Te Pūhipi) ki ētahi rangatira o Te Tai Tokerau me ētahi āpiha taua moana o Ingarangi – e 25 pea tō rātou tokomaha. Ko te kaupapa, he whiriwhiri i tētahi haki mō runga i ngā kaipuke o Aotearoa. Kua maha haere hoki ngā kaipuke o Aotearoa i ērā wā. E toru ngā hoahoa i tāpaea e Te Pūhipi rāua ko te mihingare CMS, a Henry Williams (Te Karuwhā) ki te aroaro o te hui. Ko te mea i pīrangitia e te nuinga, ko tētahi e whakamahia kētia ana e te Church Missionary Society. Ka ono tau te haki nei e pīwari ana hei tohu mō Aotearoa, tae noa ki te hainatanga o te Tiriti i te tau 1840.

1839 Te nŪpepa tuatahi

Samuel Revans, ca 1860.

Tērā tētahi tangata matatau tonu ki ngā mahi tā pukapuka ko Samuel Revans te ingoa, e mahi ana mā te Kamupene o Niu Tīreni i Rānana. Nōna ka whakatau ki te neke mai ki Pōneke noho ai, ka tono pūtea taurewa ia i ngā kaihokohoko ko rātou ngā taituarā o te Kamupene, kia pai ai tana hoko i ngā taputapu me ērā atu pānga e hiahiatia hei whakatū wharetā. I puta te putanga tuatahi o tana nūpepa, te New Zealand Gazette (i te Akuhata 1839) i te tari o te Kamupene i Rānana, i mua i te rerenga mai o ngā kaipuke tuatahi o te Kamupene ki Petone. Nō te tau 1844 i kati ai tana pakihi tā.

1840-41 Ka riro a Aotearoa hei koroni tŪturu

Ashworth, Edward, 1814-1896: Government House, Auckland, showing the North Head of Waitemata Harb[ou]r. [1840s].

Te Whare Kāwanatanga, i Tāmaki-makau-rau, i ngā 1840.

Nō te 16 Noema 1840 ka tāia ngā Kupu Whakamana e kī ana kua tū a Aotearoa hei koroni motuhake, kua kore i noho tonu ki raro i te maru o Poihākena. Nō te 24 Noema i pānuitia ai tēnei āhua hou. Engari i te mea ko te kaipuke anake te manu kawe i ngā karere katoa i ērā wā, nō te 30 Āperira 1841 ka pā te rongo ki a Hopihana. Taka mai ki tērā wā, kua noho tonu ia hei Rūtene-Kāwana mā Kāwana Gipps, Kāwana o New South Wales.

1847 Te pŪrongo kutĒtĒ kau tuatahi

[Brees, Samuel Charles] 1810-1865 :Town of New Plymouth at Teranaki [Between 1842 and 1845. Drawn by S C Brees. Engraved by Henry Melville. London, 1849]. Cattle are being herded in the foreground.

He kau e ā haerehia ana i te takiwā o Niu Pāremata, i waenga i te 1842 me te 1845.

Nō te takiwā o te 1815 i tīmata ai ngā mahi kutētē kau i Aotearoa. Koirā hoki te wā i mauria mai ai e Samuel Marsden (Te Mātenga) ngā kau tuatahi, mō tana mīhana i Te Tai Tokerau. Engari i roto i te 30 tau, i te kaha hiahia o te hapori Pākehā ki te miraka me ērā atu kai ka ahu mai i te miraka, kua noho te kutētē kau hei mahi tūturu i Te Ika a Māui me Te Waipounamu.

Ka tae ki ngā 1840, kua kaha tonu te puta o ngā kai he mea mahi ki te miraka. Arā ētahi kāhui i Horomaka e kutētēhia ana hei mahi pata me te tīhi hei tuku atu ki Pōneke me ētahi o ngā puni tohorā huri i te motu. I te pai o te haere o ngā pāmu nei, mai i te tau 1847 ka tukuna atu anō hoki he tīhi ki Ahitereiria. Ko te pai o te tīhi, kāore e tere kino, ā, mā te rumaki i te pata ki te wai tote, ka pērā anō tērā.

Ngā Hono e Hāngai ana

Alexander Turnbull Library

Dictionary of New Zealand Biography

Archives New Zealand

Me mātua whakaae te rangatira me te kaipupuri manatārua i mua i te whakamahinga anō o ētahi whakaahua o te pae tukutuku nei.

Me mātua whakaae te Whare Pukapuka o Alexander Turnbull, Te Puna Mātauranga o Aotearoa, i mua i te whakamahinga anō o ā rātou whakaahua. Kia kitea ai te roanga atu o ngā kōrero mō ngā whakaahua a ATL, whakatakotoria te kiore ki runga ake i ngā whakaahua.